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Partner TechTip: FTP Monitoring or "Is That the Best You Can Do?"

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Get a better handle on that much-used workhorse, FTP on your IBM i.

 

FTP is the beauty and the beast, the boon and the bane of networking on IBM i! You can't live without it, but sometimes you sure wish you could.

 

As a communications protocol that has been around for decades, FTP has received heavy criticism for being low-security and difficult with firewalls. Contenders tried to take its place. Amendments have been made to it; higher layers have been added on top of it. In uncovering the truth about FTP, we can rely on a few certainties....

FTP Is Not the Fanciest Protocol on the Block

Despite this, IBM i users find that FTP is nearly indispensable for daily operations. FTP is the behind-the-scenes worker that patiently uploads files and runs a command or two and, in that unassuming manner, ensures that important files get from A to B. When it comes to ease of use and sheer worldwide use, FTP is hard to beat.

 

FTP monitoring is typically exit point–based. QMessage Monitor (QMM) by CCSS offers exit point–based FTP monitoring. FTP monitoring in QMM creates messages for each action performed with an FTP session.

What a Beautiful Sight!

On screen, those messages will appear like this:

 

030813CCSSArticle1 image1                       

Figure 1: QMM creates messages for each action performed with an FTP session.

 

Filtering can be set up to remove those messages from the message console.

FTP Monitoring +

FTP-related information need not come only from the "FTP monitoring" function itself. There are other message sources that also carry valuable information about FTP on your IBM i:

  • The Security Audit Journal
  • The History Log
  • The TCP Message Queue

 

Each of these sources will give you valuable information about FTP on your i.

 

The table below lists the FTP-related messages for all message sources combined and the information available on them.

 

     

Source

Message ID

  		   

Content

  		   

FTP Server Job Name

  		  

FTP User Name

  		  

Address of Remote System

  

FTP Monitoring

UFT0010

Incoming   FTP connection

 

ü
 
 

 

ü

FTP Monitoring

UFTnnnn

Change directory,   upload, run CL command, etc.

 

ü
 
 

ü

ü

History   Log

CPF1164

FTP   server job ended

ü

 

 

QTCP

CPF1241

FTP   server job ended

ü

 

 

QTCP

CPF1240

FTP   server job ended abnormally

ü

 

 

Audit   Journal

UPW0016

Password   not valid (for FTP user)

ü

ü

ü

Audit   Journal

UPW0021

Invalid   user name (for FTP user)

ü

ü

ü

Audit   Journal

UPS1004

User has   logged on (to FTP session)

ü

ü

ü

Audit   Journal

UCD0002

User has   ended (FTP) session

ü

ü

 

 

This Is the End…

The end of an FTP session is one of those things that the FTP monitoring function itself cannot track.

 

When an FTP connection ends, the FTP server job performs the command QSYS/CLRLIB LIB(QTEMP).

 

To track execution of that command and thus of FTP sessions ending, you use the Security Audit Journal as a message source. Set up the Audit Journal Filters to ensure that message UCD0002 (CL command executed) is captured. Then set up Automated Responses as follows:

 

Setting

Value

Remark

Message ID

UCD0002

Message "CL command executed"

Sending Program

QTMFSRVR

FTP server program

User

QTCP

FTP server "outward" user

Job Name

QTFTP*

FTP server job name

Field 19

QSYS/CLRLIB   LIB(QTEM

(Note: the text is truncated here because the parameter length is limited)

Command string to look for

 

As actions, specify:

 

Log   Option

Y

Override Message Text

FTP session closed for user &9, server job &2.

 

This will turn this message...

 

Command   QSYS/CLRLIB LIB(QTEMP) being run by user MARV.

 

… into this much more useful message:

 

FTP session   closed for user MARV, server job QTFTP00441.

 

Using this technique, you can employ Automated Responses to highlight FTP-related messages and to transform their text.

Are We There Yet?

So we have now added substantially to your view of FTP activity. But is that all? To quote Mickey Rourke's line from Sin City, "Is that the best you can do?" Well, that's not the full quote, but who knows, children may be reading this article.

 

No, we aren't there yet. We haven't even touched on how status and performance monitoring in a performance management solution can show you how much CPU is being consumed by FTP jobs, how much disk I/O they are causing, how many page faults they are incurring….

 

But that would fill up another TechTip. For now, I hope you will try out some of the suggestions in this article and be able to get an even better handle on that much-used workhorse, FTP on your IBM i.

Kurt Thomas

Kurt Thomas is a System Engineer for CCSS, a provider of flexible, affordable solutions to monitor performance and manage messages on IBM i. Based in Bonn, Germany, Kurt works with businesses worldwide to realize the potential of their IBM i environments. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..

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